All categories
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PART I INTRODUCTION
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PART II INSTITUTIONAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
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2.INSTITUTIONAL, POLICY, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR RURAL SANITATION AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT
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2.1 Overview
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2.2.Institutional Arrangement
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2.3.Policies and Regulations
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2.4 Discharge Standards
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2.5.Sources of funds
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2.6.Typical provincial cases
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2.7.Conclusions and recommendations
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PART III TECHNICAL BASIS
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3 Overview of Rural Sanitation and Wastewater Management
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3.1 Domestic Wastewater
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3.2 Rural Toilets in China – Source of Black Water
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3.3 Decentralized vs. Centralized Rural Wastewater Management
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4 Rural Wastewater Treatment Technology
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4.1 Preliminary Treatment
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4.2. Primary Treatment
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4.3 Secondary Treatment
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4.3.1 Attached Growth Process
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4.3.2 Suspended growth Process
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4.3.3 Waste Stabilization Pond
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4.3.4 Constructed Wetlands
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4.3.5 Subsurface Wastewater Infiltration Systems
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5 Wastewater Treatment Process Design
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5.1 General Design Consideration
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5.2 Sewage Collection Alternatives
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5.3 Wastewater Treatment Process Design
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5.4 Water Reuse
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5.5 Sludge Management
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PART IV PROJECT PLANNING AND DESIGN
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6 Project Planning and Design
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6.1 Diagnosis for Project Villages – Initial Community Assessment
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6.2 Establishment of Stakeholder Group
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6.3 Assessment on Existing Conditions and Community’s Capacity
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6.3.1 Physical Conditions Assessment
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6.3.2 Community’s Capacity Assessment
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6.4 Baseline Engineering Survey and Assessment
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6.5 Project Feasibility Study and Environmental Impact Assessment
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6.6 Selection of Operation Model
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6.7 Project Cost Estimate
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7 Community Participation
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7.1 Why Need Community Participation?
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7.2 Principles of Community Participation
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7.3 Community Participation Activities
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PART V PROJECT FINANCING
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8 Financing, Subsidies, and Cost Recovery
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8.1 Programmatic Costs
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8.2 Project Implementation Costs
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8.3 Project Financing
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8.4 Subsidies
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8.5 Cost Recovery
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PART VI PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AND MANAGEMENT
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9 Procurement and Implementation
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9.1 Procurement Principles
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9.2 Procurement Alternatives
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9.3 Procurement Planning
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10 System Adminstration, Operation, Maintenance and Monitoring
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10.1 Introduction
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10.2 Management and Administration Arrangement
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10.3 Operation and Maintenance
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10.4 Reporting and Monitoring
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10.5 Operator Training and Support
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Appendix: Case Studies – Rural Wastewater Management in Zhejiang, Shanxi, and Jiangsu Province
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1.Zhejiang Province
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2.Shanxi Province
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3.Jiangsu Province
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4.Summary
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REFERENCES
6.7 Project Cost Estimate
- Categories: 6 Project Planning and Design
- Time of issue: 2022-05-16 13:45:14
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Once the FSR is completed, a more detailed cost estimate should be prepared. The cost estimate should include the construction costs, costs for final engineering and design, project management and supervision, project startup and commissioning and an initial operating period (such as an 18-month period) prior to transferring the project to the local village, if design-build-operate (DBO) approach is applied (procurement alternatives refer to Section 9.2).
The final cost estimate should be prepared by a cost engineer and should conform to national standards for preparing a Bill of Goods. The final cost estimate should utilize current unit costs reflecting actual costs in the region where the project will be constructed.
- Construction Costs. The construction costs should include material, equipment, labor, and contractor markup and profit. The construction costs may include ancillary costs, such as transportation of materials, setting up of temporary housing and per diem for laborers (if the project is in a remote location and requires an external source of labor), rental space to store materials, and other foreseeable costs. At this stage a 10 to 15% contingency costs should be added to the construction costs to provide some additional funds that may be required to cover unforeseen costs that are common to infrastructure projects.
- Engineering Costs. The fees for preparing the final engineering design plans should be included in the final costs estimate. These costs should include the professional fees, the reproduction costs of the final plans, and other foreseeable costs.
- Project Management and Supervision. The cost estimate should include costs for the overall project management and supervision of the project and the costs for coordinating, attending and documenting construction meetings, preparation of requests for information (RFIs) by the construction contractor, preparation of supplemental information (SIs) for the construction contractor, and assisting with the startup and commissioning of the new wastewater facility.
- Project Startup Period. An initial startup may be included in the project, such as an 18-month startup and training period. During this period of time a professional contractor may be retained by the Municipality or County wastewater management program to assist the village to operate and maintain the new project. The costs for these services should be included in the final cost estimate. Additional monthly and annual costs for electricity, pumping and disposal of sludge and potential other costs should be included in the final cost estimate.