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PART I INTRODUCTION
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PART II INSTITUTIONAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
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2.INSTITUTIONAL, POLICY, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR RURAL SANITATION AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT
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2.1 Overview
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2.2.Institutional Arrangement
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2.3.Policies and Regulations
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2.4 Discharge Standards
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2.5.Sources of funds
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2.6.Typical provincial cases
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2.7.Conclusions and recommendations
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PART III TECHNICAL BASIS
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3 Overview of Rural Sanitation and Wastewater Management
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3.1 Domestic Wastewater
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3.2 Rural Toilets in China – Source of Black Water
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3.3 Decentralized vs. Centralized Rural Wastewater Management
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4 Rural Wastewater Treatment Technology
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4.1 Preliminary Treatment
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4.2. Primary Treatment
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4.3 Secondary Treatment
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4.3.1 Attached Growth Process
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4.3.2 Suspended growth Process
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4.3.3 Waste Stabilization Pond
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4.3.4 Constructed Wetlands
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4.3.5 Subsurface Wastewater Infiltration Systems
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5 Wastewater Treatment Process Design
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5.1 General Design Consideration
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5.2 Sewage Collection Alternatives
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5.3 Wastewater Treatment Process Design
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5.4 Water Reuse
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5.5 Sludge Management
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PART IV PROJECT PLANNING AND DESIGN
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6 Project Planning and Design
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6.1 Diagnosis for Project Villages – Initial Community Assessment
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6.2 Establishment of Stakeholder Group
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6.3 Assessment on Existing Conditions and Community’s Capacity
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6.3.1 Physical Conditions Assessment
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6.3.2 Community’s Capacity Assessment
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6.4 Baseline Engineering Survey and Assessment
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6.5 Project Feasibility Study and Environmental Impact Assessment
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6.6 Selection of Operation Model
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6.7 Project Cost Estimate
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7 Community Participation
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7.1 Why Need Community Participation?
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7.2 Principles of Community Participation
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7.3 Community Participation Activities
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PART V PROJECT FINANCING
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8 Financing, Subsidies, and Cost Recovery
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8.1 Programmatic Costs
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8.2 Project Implementation Costs
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8.3 Project Financing
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8.4 Subsidies
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8.5 Cost Recovery
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PART VI PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AND MANAGEMENT
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9 Procurement and Implementation
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9.1 Procurement Principles
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9.2 Procurement Alternatives
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9.3 Procurement Planning
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10 System Adminstration, Operation, Maintenance and Monitoring
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10.1 Introduction
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10.2 Management and Administration Arrangement
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10.3 Operation and Maintenance
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10.4 Reporting and Monitoring
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10.5 Operator Training and Support
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Appendix: Case Studies – Rural Wastewater Management in Zhejiang, Shanxi, and Jiangsu Province
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1.Zhejiang Province
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2.Shanxi Province
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3.Jiangsu Province
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4.Summary
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REFERENCES
1.1Institutional management
- Categories: 1.Zhejiang Province
- Time of issue: 2022-08-02 15:50:48
- Views: 0
- Provincial Institution Management
The "Regulations on the Management of Rural Wastewater Treatment Facilities in Zhejiang Province" officially implemented on January, 2020, which has made clear provisions on the institutional management of rural wastewater treatment in Zhejiang Province:
- The provincial housing and urban-rural construction department is responsible for the guidance and supervision of Zhejiang's wastewater treatment facility planning, construction, renovation, operation and maintenance, as well as the specific formulation of wastewater treatment facility construction standards and wastewater discharge water quality standards. The departments of wastewater treatment facilities determined by the people's governments of cities and counties are responsible for the supervision and management of the planning, construction, transformation, operation and maintenance of wastewater treatment facilities within their respective administrative regions.
- The provincial ecological environment department is responsible for the specific formulation of water pollutant discharge standards for wastewater treatment facilities. The department of ecological environment of the people's government is responsible for the supervision and management of the quality of discharged water from wastewater treatment facilities within its administrative area.
- The relevant departments of agriculture and rural areas, development and reform, natural resources, finance, science and technology, water conservancy, etc. of the people's government take charge of the supervision and management of wastewater treatment facilities in accordance with their respective duties.
- The town people’s government and sub-district offices are responsible for the construction, transformation and daily management of processing facilities, and implement guidance and supervision for units and individuals that have the responsibility of operation and maintenance. They should take charge of the domestic wastewater treatment work in the rural areas within their administrative area.
- The village (resident) committee shall cooperate in the construction, transformation, operation and maintenance of wastewater treatment facilities, prevent the actions that will affect the normal operation of wastewater treatment facilities and endanger the safety of wastewater treatment facilities, and promptly report to the township people’s government or the county.
- Municipal-level institution management and assessment key points
The institutional arrangements of the cities in Zhejiang Province are in the same way as the provincial-level institutional arrangements. Taking Ningbo City as an example, a responsibility system for rural domestic wastewater has been initially formed:
- The Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development takes the lead in assuming responsibility for the operation, maintenance and management of rural domestic wastewater treatment facilities, and strengthens general work guidance;
- The municipal environmental protection department implements the work responsibilities of water quality monitoring;
- The municipal urban management department shall perform specific management responsibilities of rural domestic wastewater treatment within its jurisdiction, and urge the county (city) and district governments to decompose and implement the responsibilities for the operation, maintenance and management of rural domestic wastewater treatment facilities, and establish the work pattern system of linkage and cooperation between upper and lower levels.
The "2020 Assessment Measures for Rural Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Ningbo" clearly stipulates that the Municipal Housing and Urban-rural Construction Bureau will lead the establishment of an assessment team to conduct annual public assessments of rural domestic wastewater treatment in various districts and counties of Ningbo, according to daily work advancement and on-site assessment at the end of the year. It is carried out in a balanced manner, divided into daily assessment and on-site assessment.
Daily assessment:The daily work is assessed according to the assessment content and standard. The relevant information should be reported to the provincial and municipal rural wastewater treatment facility operation and maintenance supervision service platform in a timely manner. The assessment team conducts assessment and scoring through the supervision platform.
On-site assessment: The assessment team will go to the site for assessment and scoring.
Assessment content: Divided into work measures, work effectiveness, deduction content and extra points content. All content of the assessment should have proof materials. Work measures include whether to include the target responsibility system assessment, supervision and inspection mechanism construction, departmental coordination mechanism, supervision platform maintenance, standardized operation and maintenance plan, annual new construction and renovation plan, capital management system, etc.; work effectiveness includes supervision, inspections, coordination, the completion of operation and maintenance tasks, funding arrangements, water quality testing, etc.
Assessment results: the district/county (city) assessment is divided into three grades: excellent, qualified and unqualified. The assessment results serve as the basis for scoring annual work such as "Five Waters Co-governance", "Beautiful Ningbo" and "Urban and Rural Competition for Excellence". The Municipal Finance Bureau will allocate awards to supplement special funds based on the assessment results.