2.3 Typical cases of rural wastewater treatment in cities and counties

Categories: 2.Shanxi Province
Time of issue: 2022-08-02 15:58:16
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Taking into account the regional climatic differences and topographic characteristics of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Province is divided into three areas: North Shanxi, Central Shanxi and Southern Shanxi. According to the "Notice of the Shanxi Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment on the Progress of the Preparation of the Special Plan for Rural Domestic Wastewater Treatment" issued in December 2020, only all counties (cities, districts) in Datong City in the north of Shanxi Province have begun to compile plans for rural domestic wastewater treatment. Therefore, this report selects Datong City to conduct further research.

Datong City

Overall situation

Datong City currently governs 4 districts (Pingcheng District, Yungang District, Xinrong District, and Yunzhou District), 6 counties (Yanggao, Tianzhen, Guangling, Lingqiu, Hunyuan, Zuoyun), and 1,925 administrative villages. There are 228 villages carrying out treatment of domestic wastewater in rural areas, in which the wastewater of 140 villages is discharged into urban wastewater treatment plants and enterprise (industrial park) wastewater treatment plants, and 88 villages have built domestic wastewater treatment facilities.

At present, the rural domestic wastewater treatment facilities and supporting pipe network in Datong City are seriously inadequate. Most of the village toilet and kitchen wastewater are mainly spilled on the ground, and the fecal wastewater is mainly dry toilet. The construction of rural domestic wastewater treatment facilities is mainly based on subsidies from higher levels.

Related work

In 2020, Datong City will take various measures to promote the construction of "three major projects" in an all-round way, and continue to improve the rural living environment. The city’s village cleaning special action promotion meeting and the “three major projects” promotion meeting for the improvement of rural human settlements and the construction of clean and beautiful villages have been held successively to observe and promote the experience and practices of counties and districts such as Lingqiu and Guangling, and promote the in-depth development of work. Promote the "toilet revolution" in rural areas according to local conditions. The renovation of 21,600 rural household toilets was completed, and the penetration rate of rural sanitary toilets was 30%. The demonstrations of toilet test were carried out in the three counties of Xinrong, Yanggao, and Yunzhou.

In December 2020, the "Special Plan for Rural Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Datong City (2020-2030)" was compiled and completed:

Short-term goal (2020-2024): In the next five years, Datong will control the domestic wastewater pollution of a batch of suburban villages, key towns, towns and districts, villages in sensitive areas such as drinking water source protection areas, and villages where township governments are located. Try to explore methods and paths to solve difficult problems, and provide a model for the city's rural domestic wastewater treatment. Starting from 2020, the village domestic wastewater treatment will be gradually carried out in the form of "county-wide planning and continuous promotion" and a long-term mechanism will be established; combined with measures such as household toilet renovation, rural environment contiguous renovation, and rural residential environment renovation, the city-wide villages have been fully managed and controlled. Basically, all localities have established long-term mechanisms for the treatment of rural domestic wastewater.

Main tasks in the future: Priority is given to laying pipeline networks in suburban villages to connect to urban and township wastewater treatment plants, vigorously promoting the implementation of the task of continuous improvement of rural domestic wastewater, and villages along the main branches of the Sanggan River, Yuhe and other important rivers to gradually carry out rural wastewater treatment. Villages in drinking water source protection areas give priority to rural domestic wastewater treatment, and coordinate rural domestic wastewater treatment in combination with new countryside construction and rural residential environment improvement. The improvement of toilets is organically connected with the centralized collection and treatment of rural domestic wastewater. Villages around the odorous water bodies carry out comprehensive source control and pollution interception, rain and wastewater diversion, actively carry out operation and maintenance management system and mechanism innovation, accelerate the standardized disposal of sludge, supervise and monitor, and continue to carry out engineering application optimization research and technical evaluation and training of technologies and processes.

Yanggao County, Datong City

Yanggao County is located in the northeastern part of Shanxi Province and belongs to Datong City in Shanxi Province. It is the junction of Shanxi, Hebei and Mongolia. It covers an area of 1,726 square kilometers. The water resources of this place consist of spring water, river water and groundwater. With the rapid development of the local economy, the number of residents in Yanggao County is also increasing, and the amount of domestic water consumption is increasing, resulting in the increase of domestic wastewater.

Overall situation of rural domestic wastewater treatment

At present, about 93% of the domestic wastewater in the administrative villages in Yanggao County is discharged directly without treatment. Rural domestic water mainly comes from cooking, washing, bathing and cleaning. At present, only 15 villages have carried out domestic wastewater collection and treatment, accounting for the entire county’s villages. 6.02% of the quantity.

From the perspective of treatment technology, the process of rural domestic wastewater treatment facilities in Yanggao County is dominated by biochemical treatment methods, of which constructed wetlands are the largest, accounting for 73.3%. In terms of operating status, only two villages have domestic wastewater treatment facilities that can operate normally, accounting for 13.3%, and the normal operating rate is low. The remaining domestic wastewater treatment facilities have not been checked and accepted. From the perspective of the operation and maintenance of wastewater treatment facilities, the method is relatively simple, all for the operation and maintenance of the township, and two villages have clearly borne the operating costs of the county-level finance. Fifteen administrative villages have installed domestic wastewater collection pipe networks, but only the main network has been laid. One village has a combined drainage system for rain and wastewater.

Related work

In order to speed up the rural domestic wastewater treatment, effectively improve the rural living environment, since 2020, Yanggao County has focused on drinking water sources and water ecological environmental protection, promoted the county's rural domestic wastewater treatment work step by step.

On the basis of fully investigating and clarifying the status quo of rural domestic wastewater treatment, the county organized and compiled the "Special Plan for Rural Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Yanggao County, Datong City (2020-2025)". The treatment scope covers villages within the county and priority is given to drinking water source protection areas, nature reserves, scenic spots, important villages and towns along the banks of rivers and lakes, new immigrant villages, and villages with relatively concentrated populations, by playing a demonstrative and leading role, provide a model for the county's rural domestic wastewater treatment, and strive to be concentrated after 5 years Governance, further consolidate the results of rural domestic wastewater treatment, continue to promote the construction of rural domestic wastewater collection and treatment facilities, continuously strengthen the operation and supervision of rural wastewater treatment facilities, improve the level of rural domestic wastewater treatment, and continuously improve the quality of rural human settlements.

In the process of rural domestic wastewater treatment, the county's various departments at all levels cooperate closely to actively carry out organizational guarantees, financial guarantees, technical guarantees, supervision guarantees, publicity guarantees, project landing, fund use, implementation, operation and maintenance, etc. to promote the treatment of rural domestic wastewater.